{"id":912,"date":"2021-08-26T14:29:20","date_gmt":"2021-08-26T14:29:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mischdesign.hu\/miklosimuzeum\/?p=912"},"modified":"2022-08-18T15:46:11","modified_gmt":"2022-08-18T15:46:11","slug":"szigetszentmiklos-a-hodoltsag-koraban","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/2021\/08\/26\/szigetszentmiklos-a-hodoltsag-koraban\/","title":{"rendered":"Szigetszentmikl\u00f3s a h\u00f3dolts\u00e1g kor\u00e1ban"},"content":{"rendered":"

Szomor\u00fa \u00e9vfordul\u00f3 szerepel Szigetszentmikl\u00f3s t\u00f6rt\u00e9nelm\u00e9nek esem\u00e9nynapt\u00e1r\u00e1ban. 480 \u00e9ve, 1541-ben foglalta el a Nagy Szulejm\u00e1n szult\u00e1n vezette t\u00f6r\u00f6k sereg Bud\u00e1t, \u00e9s vele a k\u00f6z\u00e9ps\u0151 orsz\u00e1gr\u00e9szt. Szigetszentmikl\u00f3s \u00e9s k\u00f6rny\u00e9ke s\u00falyosan megszenvedte a t\u00f6r\u00f6k id\u0151k puszt\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1t: a k\u00f6rny\u00e9kbeli falvak (H\u00e1ros, Lak, Sz\u0151l\u0151s, Rag\u00e1d) elt\u0171ntek, lakoss\u00e1gukat a t\u00f6r\u00f6k elpuszt\u00edtotta vagy elhurcolta, marad\u00e9kuk Szentmikl\u00f3sra k\u00f6lt\u00f6z\u00f6tt. A t\u00f6r\u00f6k megsz\u00e1ll\u00e1s nyom\u00e1sa miatt vette fel telep\u00fcl\u00e9s\u00fcnk lakoss\u00e1ga a reform\u00e1tus vall\u00e1st az 1570-es \u00e9vekben. A korszakb\u00f3l m\u00e1r jelent\u0151sebb mennyis\u00e9g\u0171 \u00edr\u00e1sos forr\u00e1s fennmaradt, melyek alapj\u00e1n V\u00f6\u0151 Imre b\u00e1csi sz\u00e1mos k\u00f6vetkeztet\u00e9st levont. L\u00e1ssuk, mit \u00edrt a t\u00f6r\u00f6k korr\u00f3l 1975-ben a F\u00e9nysz\u00f3r\u00f3 has\u00e1bjain!<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f6r\u00f6kvil\u00e1g Szigetszentmikl\u00f3son<\/h2>\n\n\n
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A csepeli csat\u00e1r\u00f3l k\u00e9sz\u00fclt metszet, mely a 15 \u00e9ves h\u00e1bor\u00fa sor\u00e1n, 1603-ban zajlott nem messze Szigetszentmikl\u00f3st\u00f3l. A Habsburg er\u0151k Buda ostrom\u00e1t akart\u00e1k elind\u00edtani d\u00e9li ir\u00e1nyb\u00f3l, \u00e1m az oszm\u00e1n felment\u0151sereg meghi\u00fas\u00edtotta az ostromot, \u00edgy a kereszt\u00e9ny hadsereg a Csepel-szigeten csapott \u00f6ssze a t\u00f6r\u00f6k\u00f6kkel. A csata a kereszt\u00e9nyek gy\u0151zelm\u00e9vel v\u00e9gz\u0151d\u00f6tt. B\u0151vebben a csat\u00e1r\u00f3l itt olvashatnak: https:\/\/ujkor.hu\/content\/hol-volt-hol-nem-volt-a-csepeli-csata<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

A moh\u00e1csi v\u00e9sz ut\u00e1n a t\u00f6r\u00f6k\u00f6k a Csepel-szigetet csak 1541-ben, a budai v\u00e1r csellel val\u00f3 elfoglal\u00e1sa ut\u00e1n sz\u00e1llt\u00e1k meg. A szigeten akkor 15 telep\u00fcl\u00e9s volt, k\u00f6zt\u00fck R\u00e1ckeve mez\u0151v\u00e1ros\u00e1val. A szigetet el\u0151sz\u00f6r 1541-ben d\u00falt\u00e1k fel Szulejm\u00e1n szult\u00e1n hadai. A lakoss\u00e1g sz\u00e9tfutott a n\u00e1dasok k\u00f6z\u00e9, a szigetekre, a buck\u00e1kba, majd a t\u00f6r\u00f6k elvonult\u00e1val visszat\u00e9rt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A t\u00f6r\u00f6k megsz\u00e1ll\u00e1s alatt sziget\u00fcnk a pilisi j\u00e1r\u00e1shoz tartozott \u00e9s a budai pas\u00e1nak fizetett ad\u00f3t. Az elm\u00falt hetekben siker\u00fclt megszerezni az 1546. \u00e9vi \u00e9s az 1562. \u00e9vi t\u00f6r\u00f6k ad\u00f3jegyz\u00e9ket, amelyben Szigetszentmikl\u00f3s ad\u00f3fizet\u0151i is n\u00e9v szerint szerepelnek. A felbecs\u00fclhetetlen \u00e9rt\u00e9k\u0171 irat m\u00e1solat\u00e1b\u00f3l sok mindent megtudhatunk a 400 \u00e9vvel ezel\u0151tti falu viselt dolgair\u00f3l. Az 1546-os feljegyz\u00e9s szerint Szentmikl\u00f3son 92 csal\u00e1d ad\u00f3zott a t\u00f6r\u00f6knek, \u00f6sszesen 6519 akcse ez\u00fcstp\u00e9nzt, amely 21 \u00f6k\u00f6r \u00e1r\u00e1nak felelt meg. Maga a falu m\u00e1r ekkor is jelent\u0151s telep\u00fcl\u00e9s volt, D\u00f6ms\u00f6d 40, Lach\u00e1za 20, Taksony 12, T\u00f6k\u00f6l 20, Haraszti 19, Szentmikl\u00f3s 40 h\u00e1ttal lett \u00f6ssze\u00edrva 1559-ben.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Szentmikl\u00f3snak 1546-ban k\u00e9t papja volt: Mih\u00e1ly \u00e9s M\u00e1t\u00e9, Jakab a jegyz\u0151je, Mih\u00e1ly mester a kov\u00e1csa. A 92 csal\u00e1di n\u00e9vben csak a f\u00e9rfilakoss\u00e1g neve szerepel, k\u00f6zt\u00fck a 26 csal\u00e1dtag\u00e9, a n\u0151k nev\u00e9t nem jegyezt\u00e9k fel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Az 1562-es ad\u00f3jegyz\u00e9k szerint Szentmikl\u00f3son 118 csal\u00e1d fizetett ad\u00f3t a t\u00f6r\u00f6knek, m\u00e9gpedig nem is keveset, 41586 akcse ez\u00fcstp\u00e9nzt. R\u00e1ckeve mez\u0151v\u00e1ros ut\u00e1n Szentmikl\u00f3s fizette a legt\u00f6bbet, harmadik T\u00f6k\u00f6l, m\u00edg a negyedik H\u00e1ros falu 26477 akcs\u00e9val.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mikl\u00f3son a h\u00e1zak sz\u00e1ma 115 volt a jegyz\u00e9k szerint, Ha az ad\u00f3 nagys\u00e1g\u00e1t n\u00e9zz\u00fck, a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 der\u00fcl ki. Az akkor \u00e1rak szerint egy \u00f6k\u00f6r \u00e1ra 300 akcse volt, de ennyi volt egy teh\u00e9n \u00e1ra is. \u00c1tsz\u00e1m\u00edtva ez 104 darab teh\u00e9n vagy \u00f6k\u00f6r \u00e1ra, mai p\u00e9nzben t\u00f6bb k\u00e9tmilli\u00f3 forintn\u00e1l. Ma, a 16 ezer lakos\u00fa nagyk\u00f6zs\u00e9g, Szigetszentmikl\u00f3s sem fizet t\u00f6bb ad\u00f3t eg\u00e9sz \u00e9vben a tan\u00e1csnak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A n\u00e9vsort vizsg\u00e1lva meglep\u0151d\u00fcnk, mintha a mai \u0151slakoss\u00e1g neveit l\u00e1tn\u00e1nk. Sz\u00edntiszta magyar nevek. Ki gondoln\u00e1, hogy n\u00e9melyik csal\u00e1dnak milyen r\u00e9gi a csal\u00e1df\u00e1ja. \u00c9rdekess\u00e9gnek n\u00e9h\u00e1nyat hadd eml\u00edts\u00fcnk 1546-b\u00f3l: Vince J\u00e1nos, Gere Bal\u00e1zs, Szarka P\u00e1l, Gere Gy\u00f6rgy, \u00dcregi Bal\u00e1zs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Az 1562-es list\u00e1n szerepel p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul G\u00e1sp\u00e1r J\u00e1nos, Csap\u00f3 Antal, Juh\u00e1sz Andr\u00e1s. A Sz\u0151l\u0151s falu 1546-os jegyz\u00e9k\u00e9ben szerepel Kincse J\u00e1nos, Borsos Ferenc, T\u00f6r\u00f6k M\u00e1rton. Minden bizonnyal a t\u00f6r\u00f6k alatt elpusztult \u00e9s megfogyatkozott Sz\u0151l\u0151s falub\u00f3l telepedtek \u00e1t a mai Kincse, Borsos csal\u00e1dok Szentmikl\u00f3sra. A k\u00e9t elpusztult templomos falu, H\u00e1ros \u00e9s Sz\u0151l\u0151s hely\u00e9t pontosan tudjuk, 10 \u00e9ve ker\u00fclt el\u0151 Lak falu maradv\u00e1nya, amely m\u00e9g a t\u00f6r\u00f6knek ad\u00f3t fizetett.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[\u2026] K\u00e9s\u0151bb azut\u00e1n rosszra fordult a szigetlak\u00f3k sorsa. J\u00f6ttek a t\u00f6r\u00f6k seregek puszt\u00edt\u00e1sai, fel\u00e9gett\u00e9k a h\u00e1zakat. Le\u00f6lt\u00e9k, elhurcolt\u00e1k a lakoss\u00e1got. A feljegyz\u00e9s szerint nagy nyomor\u00fas\u00e1g volt a szigeten, olyannyira, hogy kutya- meg macskah\u00fast ettek a n\u00e1dasokba szorult emberek. A sziget lak\u00f3inak sz\u00e1ma a megsz\u00e1ll\u00e1skor 23 ezer, majd a t\u00f6r\u00f6k ki\u0171z\u00e9se ut\u00e1n 1686-ban alig h\u00e1romezer f\u0151 volt. Az 1633-as feljegyz\u00e9s szerint Szentmikl\u00f3son m\u00e1r csak 14 ad\u00f3fizet\u0151 h\u00e1zat \u00edrtak \u00f6ssze. Itt \u00e9rezni a pusztul\u00e1s nagys\u00e1g\u00e1t. [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Szomor\u00fa \u00e9vfordul\u00f3 szerepel Szigetszentmikl\u00f3s t\u00f6rt\u00e9nelm\u00e9nek esem\u00e9nynapt\u00e1r\u00e1ban. 480 \u00e9ve, 1541-ben foglalta el a Nagy Szulejm\u00e1n szult\u00e1n vezette t\u00f6r\u00f6k sereg Bud\u00e1t, \u00e9s vele a k\u00f6z\u00e9ps\u0151 orsz\u00e1gr\u00e9szt. Szigetszentmikl\u00f3s \u00e9s k\u00f6rny\u00e9ke s\u00falyosan megszenvedte a t\u00f6r\u00f6k id\u0151k puszt\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1t: a k\u00f6rny\u00e9kbeli falvak (H\u00e1ros, Lak, Sz\u0151l\u0151s, Rag\u00e1d) elt\u0171ntek, lakoss\u00e1gukat a t\u00f6r\u00f6k elpuszt\u00edtotta vagy elhurcolta, marad\u00e9kuk Szentmikl\u00f3sra k\u00f6lt\u00f6z\u00f6tt. A t\u00f6r\u00f6k megsz\u00e1ll\u00e1s nyom\u00e1sa miatt […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":913,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ub_ctt_via":"","ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[22,72,12],"class_list":["post-912","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","tag-evfordulo","tag-torok","tag-voo-imre","entry","has-media"],"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/02-2.jpg","author_info":{"display_name":"Miss 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N\u00e1ndor","author_link":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/author\/admin\/"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":"Blog<\/a>","rttpg_excerpt":"Szomor\u00fa \u00e9vfordul\u00f3 szerepel Szigetszentmikl\u00f3s t\u00f6rt\u00e9nelm\u00e9nek esem\u00e9nynapt\u00e1r\u00e1ban. 480 \u00e9ve, 1541-ben foglalta el a Nagy Szulejm\u00e1n szult\u00e1n vezette t\u00f6r\u00f6k sereg Bud\u00e1t, \u00e9s vele a k\u00f6z\u00e9ps\u0151 orsz\u00e1gr\u00e9szt. Szigetszentmikl\u00f3s \u00e9s k\u00f6rny\u00e9ke s\u00falyosan megszenvedte a t\u00f6r\u00f6k id\u0151k puszt\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1t: a k\u00f6rny\u00e9kbeli falvak (H\u00e1ros, Lak, Sz\u0151l\u0151s, Rag\u00e1d) elt\u0171ntek, lakoss\u00e1gukat a t\u00f6r\u00f6k elpuszt\u00edtotta vagy elhurcolta, marad\u00e9kuk Szentmikl\u00f3sra k\u00f6lt\u00f6z\u00f6tt. A t\u00f6r\u00f6k megsz\u00e1ll\u00e1s nyom\u00e1sa miatt…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/912","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=912"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/912\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":914,"href":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/912\/revisions\/914"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/913"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=912"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=912"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=912"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}