{"id":782,"date":"2021-07-08T14:12:13","date_gmt":"2021-07-08T14:12:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mischdesign.hu\/miklosimuzeum\/?p=782"},"modified":"2022-08-18T15:37:07","modified_gmt":"2022-08-18T15:37:07","slug":"igy-halasztak-eleink","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/2021\/07\/08\/igy-halasztak-eleink\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00cdgy hal\u00e1sztak eleink"},"content":{"rendered":"

Szigetszentmikl\u00f3s \u00e9let\u00e9ben \u0151sid\u0151k \u00f3ta fontos szerepet t\u00f6lt be a hal\u00e1szat, hiszen f\u0151k\u00e9pp a foly\u00f3szab\u00e1lyoz\u00e1sok el\u0151tti id\u0151kben a Duna sz\u00e1mos kisebb-nagyobb \u00e1ga kiv\u00e1l\u00f3 \u00e9lelemforr\u00e1st jelentett. A modern id\u0151kben pedig a n\u00e9hai kavicsb\u00e1ny\u00e1k hely\u00e9n lev\u0151 tavak ny\u00fajtanak j\u00f3 helysz\u00ednt a halteny\u00e9szt\u00e9sre. L\u00e1ssuk, mit \u00edrt V\u00f6\u0151 Imre b\u00e1csi a hal\u00e1szat t\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00e9r\u0151l!<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

A hal\u00e1szat m\u00faltj\u00e1b\u00f3l \u00e9s j\u00f6v\u0151j\u00e9r\u0151l\u2026<\/h2>\n\n\n
\n
\"\"<\/a>
K\u00eds\u00e9rlet ketreces halteny\u00e9szt\u00e9sre Szigetszentmikl\u00f3son egy b\u00e1nyat\u00f3ban az 1980-as \u00e9vekben. (A k\u00e9p a N\u00e9pszabads\u00e1g 1983. III. 16-i sz\u00e1m\u00e1ban jelent meg.)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

A hal\u00e1szat \u0151si foglalkoz\u00e1s. A halfog\u00e1s eszk\u00f6zei a legr\u00e9gebbi kult\u00far\u00e1k leletei k\u00f6z\u00f6tt is megtal\u00e1lhat\u00f3k, b\u00e1r a sziklabarlangokban tal\u00e1lt rajzok \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban vad\u00e1szjelenteket \u00f6r\u00f6k\u00edtenek meg. A halat csak k\u00e9s\u0151bb \u00e1br\u00e1zolj\u00e1k, ismerik (?). Az 5-6 ezer \u00e9vvel ezel\u0151tti k\u0151kori emberek ed\u00e9nyein, amelyek a Nemzeti M\u00fazeumban, de a K\u00e9kt\u00f3i ki\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1son is l\u00e1that\u00f3k, \u201ehalsz\u00e1lk\u00e1s\u201d mint\u00e1k is vannak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Az egyiptomiak papirusztekercseiken, ed\u00e9nyeiken meg\u00f6r\u00f6k\u00edtett\u00e9k a haj\u00f3t \u00e9s a halat. A f\u00e9mek elterjed\u00e9s\u00e9vel a szigony is jelent\u0151s halfog\u00f3 szersz\u00e1m volt. De a fonalb\u00f3l k\u00e9sz\u00fclt h\u00e1l\u00f3t az \u0151skort\u00f3l kezdve ismert\u00e9k \u00e9s k\u00e9sz\u00edtett\u00e9k, mint err\u0151l sz\u00e1mos h\u00e1l\u00f3nehez\u00e9k \u00e9s sz\u00f6v\u0151nehez\u00e9k tan\u00faskodik.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Honfoglal\u00f3 \u0151seink ismert\u00e9k \u00e9s \u0171zt\u00e9k a hal\u00e1szatot. Bizony\u00e1ra ez\u00e9rt is kerestek maguknak j\u00f3 v\u00edz\u0171 \u00e9s gazdag legel\u0151j\u0171 orsz\u00e1got. Mag\u00e1nak \u00c1rp\u00e1d ap\u00e1nknak is ez\u00e9rt tetszett meg a Csepel-szigete; – \u201e\u00c1rp\u00e1d vez\u00e9r \u00e9s nemesei b\u00e9menv\u00e9n a szigetbe, s azon hely term\u00e9kenys\u00e9g\u00e9t \u00e9s bujas\u00e1g\u00e1t s a Duna vizeinek er\u0151ss\u00e9g\u00e9t l\u00e1tv\u00e1ny a helyet kimondhatatlanul megszerett\u00e9k\u201d \u2013 \u00edrja Anonymus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Szigetszentmikl\u00f3s falu a nev\u00e9t is a hal\u00e1szok \u00e9s p\u00e1k\u00e1szok v\u00e9d\u0151szentj\u00e9r\u0151l kapta, m\u00e1r 1264-ben ezen a n\u00e9ven eml\u00edtik. Sz\u00e1mos k\u00f6z\u00e9pkori \u00edr\u00e1s tan\u00faskodik Csepel-sziget hal\u00e1szat\u00e1r\u00f3l. Ennek nyoma R\u00e1ckevi hajdani mez\u0151v\u00e1ros 1510 k\u00f6r\u00fcli \u00e9vekb\u0151l megmaradt c\u00edmer\u00e9ben is szerepel. Az 1546. \u00e9vi t\u00f6r\u00f6k ad\u00f3jegyz\u00e9k szerint Szentmikl\u00f3s falu 100 akcse t\u00f6r\u00f6k ez\u00fcstp\u00e9nzt fizet haltized fej\u00e9ben, H\u00e1ros falu 1562-ben 600 akcset fizet. De nemcsak a t\u00f6r\u00f6k\u00f6knek fizetnek a Csepel-szigetiek hal-tizedet, ad\u00f3t, a kegyes uras\u00e1g is szerette a halat. A fentmaradt \u00edr\u00e1sok besz\u00e9lnek err\u0151l. Az 1658. j\u00falius 7-\u00e9n kelt \u00edr\u00e1s szerint Esterh\u00e1zy S\u00e1ndor f\u00f6ldes\u00farnak R\u00e1ckevi mez\u0151v\u00e1ros sok egy\u00e9b mellett 2 m\u00e1zsa viz\u00e1t, Szentmikl\u00f3s falu 2 sz\u00e1raz tok-halat ad\u00f3zik.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eH\u00e1ros falu k\u00f6rny\u00e9k\u00e9t Csontos Istv\u00e1ny szokta b\u00e9rleni, esztend\u0151nk\u00e9nt k\u00e9t perzsiai sz\u0151nyegben \u00e9s hat m\u00e1zsa viz\u00e1ban fizette 1674-76 k\u00f6z\u00f6tt adaj\u00e1t\u201d \u2013 mondja az egyik feljegyz\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Egy\u00e9bk\u00e9nt a hal\u00e1szat, vad\u00e1szat joga 1848-ig az uras\u00e1g\u00e9, a f\u00f6ld tulajdonos\u00e1\u00e9 volt, az 1836. \u00e9vi t\u00f6rv\u00e9ny 11 pontj\u00e1nak 8 paragrafusa szerint: \u201ea hal\u00e1szat, vad\u00e1szat \u00e9s madar\u00e1szat kiz\u00e1r\u00f3lag a f\u00f6ldesuradalmat illetv\u00e9n, azok gyakorl\u00e1sa jobb\u00e1gyoknak tilalmaztatik.\u201d Sz\u00e1mos n\u00e9pdalunk, k\u00f6zmond\u00e1sunk \u0151rzi a hal \u00e9s a hal\u00e1szat, horg\u00e1sz\u00e1s eml\u00e9k\u00e9t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Az elm\u00falt \u00e9vekben sokat besz\u00e9l\u00fcnk a halfogyaszt\u00e1sr\u00f3l. Magyarorsz\u00e1gon alig \u00e9ri el a halfogyaszt\u00e1s fejenk\u00e9nt az \u00e9vi 3 kg-ot. Szovjetuni\u00f3ban 18, NDK-ban 8,5 kg a halfogyaszt\u00e1s fejenk\u00e9nt. Haz\u00e1nkban a hal\u00e1szatra 125 ezer hekt\u00e1r term\u00e9szetes v\u00edzfel\u00fclet \u00e1ll rendelkez\u00e9sre. Halfeldolgoz\u00f3 \u00fczemek \u00e9p\u00fclnek Bikalon, Tat\u00e1n, Sopoly\u00e1n. \u00c9vek \u00f3ta folyik a mesters\u00e9ges halteny\u00e9szt\u00e9s Sz\u00e1zhalombatt\u00e1n is.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A FAO sz\u00e1mvet\u00e9se szerint az emberis\u00e9g \u00e9vente 65-70 milli\u00f3 tonna halat zs\u00e1km\u00e1nyol, termel. Ebb\u0151l a mennyis\u00e9gb\u0151l 9,5 milli\u00f3 tonn\u00e1t tesz ki az \u00e9desv\u00edzi halak t\u00f6mege. Optimista sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00e1sok szerint az emberis\u00e9g az ezredfordul\u00f3ra 30 milli\u00f3 tonna \u00e9desv\u00edzi halat fog termelni \u2013 \u00edrj\u00e1k az \u00fajs\u00e1gok. A jap\u00e1nok \u00e9vente kb. 10 milli\u00f3 tonna halat zs\u00e1km\u00e1nyolnak a terngeren, illetve termelnek az orsz\u00e1g t\u00f3gazdas\u00e1gaiban.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Haz\u00e1nkban a sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00e1sok szerint 1980-ra v\u00e1rhat\u00f3, hogy a fejenk\u00e9nti halfogyaszt\u00e1s 4 kg-ra emelkedik.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00f6\u0151 Imre<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Szigetszentmikl\u00f3s \u00e9let\u00e9ben \u0151sid\u0151k \u00f3ta fontos szerepet t\u00f6lt be a hal\u00e1szat, hiszen f\u0151k\u00e9pp a foly\u00f3szab\u00e1lyoz\u00e1sok el\u0151tti id\u0151kben a Duna sz\u00e1mos kisebb-nagyobb \u00e1ga kiv\u00e1l\u00f3 \u00e9lelemforr\u00e1st jelentett. A modern id\u0151kben pedig a n\u00e9hai kavicsb\u00e1ny\u00e1k hely\u00e9n lev\u0151 tavak ny\u00fajtanak j\u00f3 helysz\u00ednt a halteny\u00e9szt\u00e9sre. L\u00e1ssuk, mit \u00edrt V\u00f6\u0151 Imre b\u00e1csi a hal\u00e1szat t\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00e9r\u0151l! A hal\u00e1szat m\u00faltj\u00e1b\u00f3l \u00e9s j\u00f6v\u0151j\u00e9r\u0151l\u2026 A hal\u00e1szat […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":783,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ub_ctt_via":"","ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[53,12],"class_list":["post-782","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","tag-halaszat","tag-voo-imre","entry","has-media"],"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/08.jpg","author_info":{"display_name":"Miss N\u00e1ndor","author_link":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/author\/admin\/"},"rttpg_featured_image_url":{"full":["https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/08.jpg",1200,870,false],"landscape":["https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/08.jpg",1200,870,false],"portraits":["https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/08.jpg",1200,870,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/08-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/08-300x218.jpg",300,218,true],"large":["https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/08-1024x742.jpg",1024,742,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/08.jpg",1200,870,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/08.jpg",1200,870,false],"trp-custom-language-flag":["https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/08.jpg",18,12,false],"ocean-thumb-m":["https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/08-600x600.jpg",600,600,true],"ocean-thumb-ml":["https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/08-800x450.jpg",800,450,true],"ocean-thumb-l":["https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/08-1200x700.jpg",1200,700,true]},"rttpg_author":{"display_name":"Miss N\u00e1ndor","author_link":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/author\/admin\/"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":"Blog<\/a>","rttpg_excerpt":"Szigetszentmikl\u00f3s \u00e9let\u00e9ben \u0151sid\u0151k \u00f3ta fontos szerepet t\u00f6lt be a hal\u00e1szat, hiszen f\u0151k\u00e9pp a foly\u00f3szab\u00e1lyoz\u00e1sok el\u0151tti id\u0151kben a Duna sz\u00e1mos kisebb-nagyobb \u00e1ga kiv\u00e1l\u00f3 \u00e9lelemforr\u00e1st jelentett. A modern id\u0151kben pedig a n\u00e9hai kavicsb\u00e1ny\u00e1k hely\u00e9n lev\u0151 tavak ny\u00fajtanak j\u00f3 helysz\u00ednt a halteny\u00e9szt\u00e9sre. L\u00e1ssuk, mit \u00edrt V\u00f6\u0151 Imre b\u00e1csi a hal\u00e1szat t\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00e9r\u0151l! A hal\u00e1szat m\u00faltj\u00e1b\u00f3l \u00e9s j\u00f6v\u0151j\u00e9r\u0151l\u2026 A hal\u00e1szat…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/782","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=782"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/782\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":784,"href":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/782\/revisions\/784"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/783"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=782"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=782"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=782"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}