{"id":777,"date":"2021-07-01T14:10:44","date_gmt":"2021-07-01T14:10:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mischdesign.hu\/miklosimuzeum\/?p=777"},"modified":"2022-08-18T15:36:53","modified_gmt":"2022-08-18T15:36:53","slug":"aratas-a-falu-hataraban","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/2021\/07\/01\/aratas-a-falu-hataraban\/","title":{"rendered":"Arat\u00e1s a falu hat\u00e1r\u00e1ban"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Nemr\u00e9g volt P\u00e9ter \u00e9s P\u00e1l napja, \u00edgy hamarosan id\u00e9n is megindulnak az arat\u00e1s munk\u00e1latok a hat\u00e1rban. K\u00e9peinken az 1965-\u00f6s arat\u00e1s egy r\u00e9szlete l\u00e1that\u00f3: komb\u00e1jnnal, traktorral v\u00e9gzik a munk\u00e1t a Nyughatatlan d\u0171l\u0151ben. Az arat\u00e1s t\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00e9r\u0151l \u00e9s m\u00f3dszereir\u0151l Imre b\u00e1csi \u00edgy \u00edrt 1981 j\u00falius\u00e1ban a F\u00e9nysz\u00f3r\u00f3ban:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Az es\u0151s id\u0151j\u00e1r\u00e1s nehez\u00edti az arat\u00e1st<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-large is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mischdesign.hu\/miklosimuzeum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/01b.jpg\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/mischdesign.hu\/miklosimuzeum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/01b-1024x671.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-778\" width=\"357\" height=\"233\"\/><\/a><figcaption>Arat\u00e1s a Nyughatatlan d\u0171l\u0151ben 1965-ben<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A med\u00e1rdos id\u0151j\u00e1r\u00e1s bizony\u00e1ra az id\u00e9n is megnehez\u00edti az arat\u00e1s \u00e9s betakar\u00edt\u00e1s nagy munk\u00e1it. Az orsz\u00e1g melegebb vid\u00e9kein m\u00e1r megkezdt\u00e9k az \u0151szi \u00e1rpa arat\u00e1s\u00e1t, adt\u00e1k tudtul a h\u00edrad\u00f3sok. Minden\u00fctt k\u00e9sz\u00fclnek a nagy munk\u00e1ra. A jelek szerint neh\u00e9zu arat\u00e1s el\u00e9 n\u00e9z\u00fcnk az id\u00e9n is, mint annyiszor az \u00e9vsz\u00e1zadok folyam\u00e1n, pedig ma a g\u00e9pek ezrei seg\u00edtik az embert a nagy munk\u00e1ban.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A v\u00e1g\u00f3eszk\u00f6zzel folytatott arat\u00e1s els\u0151 nyomai a K\u00f6zel-Keleten i. e. 6500 k\u00f6r\u00fcli id\u0151kb\u0151l ker\u00fcltek el\u0151. Szigetszentmikl\u00f3s hat\u00e1r\u00e1ban el\u0151ker\u00fclt r\u00e9g\u00e9szeti leletek bizony\u00edtj\u00e1k, hogy a Csepel-szigeten m\u00e1r mintegy 6 ezer \u00e9ve aratnak. Az el\u0151ker\u00fclt k\u0151kori ed\u00e9nycserepeken kal\u00e1szmot\u00edvumok l\u00e1that\u00f3k. Az emberis\u00e9g arat\u00f3 szersz\u00e1ma hossz\u00fa ideig a sarl\u00f3 volt. A sarl\u00f3s arat\u00e1s egyszer\u0171 form\u00e1ja nem ig\u00e9nyelt k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sebb munkaszervez\u00e9st. Az arat\u00f3 amit learatott, k\u00e9v\u00e9be is k\u00f6t\u00f6tte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A kasz\u00e1val val\u00f3 arat\u00e1st Eur\u00f3p\u00e1ban a XV. sz\u00e1zadban N\u00e9metalf\u00f6ld\u00f6n \u00e9s n\u00e9h\u00e1ny \u00e9vtizeddel k\u00e9s\u0151bb Magyarorsz\u00e1gon kezdt\u00e9k el. A kasz\u00e1s arat\u00e1s csak a XVI. sz\u00e1zad elej\u00e9re terjedt el a kontinens eg\u00e9sz ter\u00fclet\u00e9n. Haz\u00e1nkban el\u0151sz\u00f6r a D\u00e9l-Alf\u00f6ld\u00f6n a XV. sz\u00e1zad m\u00e1sodik fel\u00e9ben jelentkezett a kasz\u00e1s arat\u00e1s. Fokozatosan szor\u00edtotta ki a sarl\u00f3s munkam\u00f3dot, s csak a XIX. sz\u00e1zad m\u00e1sodik fel\u00e9ben a gabonakonjunkt\u00fara idej\u00e9n jutott t\u00fals\u00falyra a K\u00e1rp\u00e1t-medenc\u00e9ben. S\u0151t a magas hegyi ter\u00fcleteken, \u00edgy Erd\u00e9lyben m\u00e9g 30 \u00e9vvel ezel\u0151tt is sarl\u00f3val arattak.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-large is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mischdesign.hu\/miklosimuzeum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/01a.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/mischdesign.hu\/miklosimuzeum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/01a-1024x670.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-780\" width=\"362\" height=\"236\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A kasz\u00e1s arat\u00e1snak haz\u00e1nkban sz\u00e1mos szersz\u00e1ma, hagyom\u00e1nya fejl\u0151d\u00f6tt ki. A m\u00fazeumokban begy\u0171jt\u00f6tt arat\u00f3eszk\u00f6z\u00f6k igen gazdag v\u00e1ltozatait l\u00e1thatja a n\u00e9z\u0151, kasz\u00e1k, sarl\u00f3k, kuk\u00e1k, gerebly\u00e9k, favill\u00e1k stb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az arat\u00e1sokhoz sok hagyom\u00e1ny, hiedelem f\u0171z\u0151dik. Nem kezdt\u00e9k az arat\u00e1st ha \u00fajhold \u2013 vagy ha halott volt a faluban. Kedden \u00e9s p\u00e9nteken sem volt tan\u00e1csos az arat\u00e1st kezdeni. Az arat\u00e1s kezd\u00e9sekor n\u00e9hol az arat\u00f3 egy b\u00fazasz\u00e1lat k\u00f6t\u00f6tt a derek\u00e1ra, hogy az ne f\u00e1jjon. \u00c1ltal\u00e1ban a P\u00e9ter \u00e9s P\u00e1l napja volt az arat\u00e1s kezd\u00e9s\u00e9nek ideje, napja.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A hajdani arat\u00e1sok sz\u00e9ps\u00e9g\u00e9t, neh\u00e9zs\u00e9g\u00e9t, n\u00e9pdalaink is meg\u0151rizt\u00e9k. Az arat\u00e1s befejez\u00e9s\u00e9nek \u00fcnnepl\u00e9se mint hagyom\u00e1ny, a k\u00f6z\u00e9pkorig ny\u00falik vissza. Az arat\u00e1s befejez\u00e9se ut\u00e1n a r\u00e9szesarat\u00f3k b\u00fazakal\u00e1szb\u00f3l, mezei vir\u00e1gb\u00f3l arat\u00f3koszor\u00fat k\u00f6t\u00f6ttek \u00e9s \u00fcnnep\u00e9lyes menetben a f\u00f6ldes\u00far, tiszttart\u00f3, vagy a gazda el\u00e9 vitt\u00e9k. A gazda a munk\u00e1sokat \u00e9tellel, itallal megvend\u00e9gelte. A vend\u00e9gs\u00e9g rendszerint t\u00e1nccal fejez\u0151d\u00f6tt be.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A r\u00e9gi arat\u00e1si szok\u00e1sok a Csepel-szigeti falvakban is hasonl\u00f3k\u00e9ppen zajlottak le, melyekre m\u00e1r csak a nagyon \u00f6regek eml\u00e9keznek. Az arat\u00e1si eszk\u00f6z\u00f6ket pedig m\u00e1r begy\u0171jt\u00f6tt\u00e9k a m\u00fazeumba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00f6\u0151 Imre<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nemr\u00e9g volt P\u00e9ter \u00e9s P\u00e1l napja, \u00edgy hamarosan id\u00e9n is megindulnak az arat\u00e1s munk\u00e1latok a hat\u00e1rban. K\u00e9peinken az 1965-\u00f6s arat\u00e1s egy r\u00e9szlete l\u00e1that\u00f3: komb\u00e1jnnal, traktorral v\u00e9gzik a munk\u00e1t a Nyughatatlan d\u0171l\u0151ben. Az arat\u00e1s t\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00e9r\u0151l \u00e9s m\u00f3dszereir\u0151l Imre b\u00e1csi \u00edgy \u00edrt 1981 j\u00falius\u00e1ban a F\u00e9nysz\u00f3r\u00f3ban: Az es\u0151s id\u0151j\u00e1r\u00e1s nehez\u00edti az arat\u00e1st A med\u00e1rdos id\u0151j\u00e1r\u00e1s bizony\u00e1ra az [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":779,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ub_ctt_via":"","ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[51,52,12],"class_list":["post-777","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","tag-aratas","tag-mezogazdasag","tag-voo-imre","entry","has-media"],"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/01c.jpg","author_info":{"display_name":"Miss N\u00e1ndor","author_link":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/author\/admin\/"},"rttpg_featured_image_url":{"full":["https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/01c.jpg",1200,788,false],"landscape":["https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/01c.jpg",1200,788,false],"portraits":["https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/01c.jpg",1200,788,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/01c-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/01c-300x197.jpg",300,197,true],"large":["https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/01c-1024x672.jpg",1024,672,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/01c.jpg",1200,788,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/01c.jpg",1200,788,false],"trp-custom-language-flag":["https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/01c.jpg",18,12,false],"ocean-thumb-m":["https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/01c-600x600.jpg",600,600,true],"ocean-thumb-ml":["https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/01c-800x450.jpg",800,450,true],"ocean-thumb-l":["https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/01c-1200x700.jpg",1200,700,true]},"rttpg_author":{"display_name":"Miss N\u00e1ndor","author_link":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/author\/admin\/"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":"<a href=\"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/category\/blog\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Blog<\/a>","rttpg_excerpt":"Nemr\u00e9g volt P\u00e9ter \u00e9s P\u00e1l napja, \u00edgy hamarosan id\u00e9n is megindulnak az arat\u00e1s munk\u00e1latok a hat\u00e1rban. K\u00e9peinken az 1965-\u00f6s arat\u00e1s egy r\u00e9szlete l\u00e1that\u00f3: komb\u00e1jnnal, traktorral v\u00e9gzik a munk\u00e1t a Nyughatatlan d\u0171l\u0151ben. Az arat\u00e1s t\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00e9r\u0151l \u00e9s m\u00f3dszereir\u0151l Imre b\u00e1csi \u00edgy \u00edrt 1981 j\u00falius\u00e1ban a F\u00e9nysz\u00f3r\u00f3ban: Az es\u0151s id\u0151j\u00e1r\u00e1s nehez\u00edti az arat\u00e1st A med\u00e1rdos id\u0151j\u00e1r\u00e1s bizony\u00e1ra az&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/777","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=777"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/777\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":781,"href":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/777\/revisions\/781"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/779"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=777"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=777"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/miklosimuzeum.hu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=777"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}